What Are Lithium Thionyl Chloride Batteries? Main Advantages

Advantages of Lithium Thionyl Chloride Batteries

As the world reassesses the value of lithium as a green energy source, the popularity of lithium thionyl chloride batteries continues to grow. Here, we outline the advantages of these batteries.

While lithium batteries are not new and have been utilized for years in electronics, handheld power tools, and various battery-powered devices, we have diversified our offerings to emphasize lithium thionyl chloride batteries, specifically designed for industrial applications.

So, what are these batteries, and how can they benefit you?

What Are Lithium Thionyl Chloride Batteries?

Lithium thionyl chloride (Li-SOCl2) batteries are primary cell batteries in which an electrolyte based on sulfonated thionyl chloride serves as the positive electrode. The key distinction from other lithium battery types is that Li-SOCl2 batteries cannot be recharged once discharged.

These batteries can be produced using two main construction methods: spiral wound and bobbin-type. The advantages and characteristics largely depend on the construction type, with bobbin-type Li-SOCl2 batteries offering significant benefits.

Bobbin-type batteries are particularly noteworthy, as they can be combined with hybrid layer capacitors to enhance periodic pulse performance, enabling two-way wireless communications.

Usage of Lithium Thionyl Chloride Batteries

Lithium thionyl chloride batteries are renowned for their durability and unique characteristics, making them ideal for various industrial applications. They are commonly used in the aerospace industry, automotive sector, a range of meters, IIoT devices, and medical equipment such as defibrillators.

With the ability to withstand temperatures up to 125 degrees Celsius, these batteries can endure sterilization processes, which is crucial in medical settings. Additionally, they can operate in low temperatures, typically down to -80 degrees, making them suitable for monitoring the transportation of donor organs and similar applications.

Many modern emergency locator transmitters (ELTs) in aircraft now utilize Li-SOCl2 batteries due to their lightweight nature and effectiveness in low-temperature environments. Given their long lifespan and exceptional performance, these batteries are widely adopted across various industrial fields.

Advantages of Lithium Thionyl Chloride Batteries

One of the primary advantages of lithium thionyl chloride batteries is their high nominal voltage of 3.6V, which exceeds that of other lithium batteries, typically ranging from 1.5 to 3 volts. This voltage level is consistently maintained throughout the battery's lifespan, thanks to its unique chemistry.

In terms of energy density, Li-SOCl2 batteries excel, achieving up to 730 watt-hours per kilogram. Their sustainability is noteworthy as they can operate in both very low and extremely high temperatures, making them versatile for various applications.

These batteries are frequently utilized in metering devices, such as timers and toll systems. Their durability is enhanced by a low self-discharge rate of just 1% per year, which is impressive.

Additionally, lithium thionyl chloride batteries are available in various sizes and shapes, but all maintain their inherent qualities, including high voltage and durability. They also offer fast recovery after prolonged storage and contain non-flammable electrolytes, making them safer in various environments. Given their long lifespan, many serve as backup power sources for low-consumption devices.

In light of ongoing discussions about green energy, it's important to note that lithium thionyl chloride batteries are recyclable and environmentally friendly. They are less prone to combustion, reducing toxicity upon disposal.

However, there are some drawbacks, including high internal resistance and potential delays in achieving high voltage.

FAQ

How long do lithium thionyl chloride batteries last?

With low self-discharging of 1-2% per year, these batteries are expected to last at least 10 to 20 years, depending on the specific load profile of the application.

Are lithium thionyl chloride batteries safe?

Containing toxic and corrosive liquid thionyl chloride, these batteries may impact skin and eyes if in contact. However, proper handling and disposing of will protect you from any hazard.